# Mastering Docker: Deploying Web Servers and Testing with Ease - How to Build, Push, Pull, and Verify Docker Images for Web Server Deployment?. ### Question : > How can I create a Dockerfile with a base image of Linux, such as Rocky Linux or CentOS, to deploy a web server (specifically httpd) on port 80? Additionally, I'd like to include the installation of prerequisite programs using `yum install`, such as httpd, vim, net-tools, and bind-utils. After creating the Dockerfile, I want to push it to Docker Hub, pull the newly pushed Docker image, run and execute a container with the updated image, and finally, verify and test it on a web browser. Could you provide the steps or a guide on how to accomplish this? --- ### Answer: > ### Step-1 ( Install Docker on your machine) > > I am using a Virtual Machine here, and my OS is centos-9 stream. So make sure you have enough pre-requisite work done like repository setup, host entry, and default firewall ports open. so let's install the docker-engine on virtual-machine. Follow this official docker engine setup link : [https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/) > > ```sql > # yum remove docker \ > docker-client \ > docker-client-latest \ > docker-common \ > docker-latest \ > docker-latest-logrotate \ > docker-logrotate \ > docker-engine > > # yum install -y yum-utils > sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo > > # yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin > > # sudo systemctl start docker > # sudo systemctl enable docker > ``` > > Congratulation. Your docker setup is launched successfully on your VM Linux centos-9 stream server. So let's create Dockerfile as per our question mentioned earlier. > > ```sql > # mkdir ~/Docker > # vi ~/Docker/Dockerfile > > FROM rockylinux:9 > MAINTAINER "Rakesh|rakeshkumarjangid.hashnode.dev" > RUN yum update -y > RUN yum install -y bind-utils vim wget nmap net-tools httpd unzip > WORKDIR /var/www/html > EXPOSE 80 > CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"] > ``` > > --- > > ### Step-2 ( build the docker image from dockerfile ) > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker build -t rockyweb:v1 . > > [+] Building 90.8s (8/8) FINISHED docker:default > => [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s > => => transferring context: 2B 0.0s > => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s > => => transferring dockerfile: 336B 0.0s > => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/rockylinux:9 0.0s > => CACHED [1/4] FROM docker.io/library/rockylinux:9 0.0s > => [2/4] RUN yum update -y 55.5s > => [3/4] RUN yum install -y bind-utils vim wget nmap net-tools httpd unzip 33.3s > => [4/4] WORKDIR /var/www/html 0.1s > => exporting to image 1.8s > => => exporting layers 1.8s > => => writing image sha256:b0dc71435fb5fc1eee603d9158c48703b890f6cd5d0ad8ff1bcd8adbd8e0c993 0.0s > => => naming to docker.io/library/rockyweb:v1 > ``` > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker images > REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE > rockyweb v1 b0dc71435fb5 6 minutes ago 292MB > ``` > > --- > > ### Step-3 ( Tag image and push on docker registry ) > > Let's Tag with the new version and push this docker image on the docker hub for publically access. > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker tag rockyweb:v1 rockyhttpd:v1 > [root@localhost Docker]# docker images > REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE > rockyhttpd v1 b0dc71435fb5 15 minutes ago 292MB > rockyweb v1 b0dc71435fb5 15 minutes ago 292MB > ``` > > Note: From the running container create an image and tag it with a new name. > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker ps -a > CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES > 91b1c0e0490a rockylinux:9 "/bin/bash" 38 minutes ago Up 38 minutes 0.0.0.0:32768->80/tcp, :::32768->80/tcp c1 > > [root@localhost Docker]# docker commit 91b1c0e0490a jangidrakesh71/c1:v1 > sha256:2daeefc25257eb0beaec5161d3784d9de896d6a56eac9346ff2d323ccaa2184b > ``` > > Before pushing image on the docker hub, you have to log in on the docker hub first. Follow this official docker hub link for more : [https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/repos/create/](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/repos/create/) > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker login > --Log in with your Docker ID or email address to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com/ to create one. > You can log in with your password or a Personal Access Token (PAT). Using a limited-scope PAT grants better security and is required for organizations using SSO. Learn more at https://docs.docker.com/go/access-tokens/ > > Username: jangidrakesh71@gmail.com > Password: > WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json. > Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See > https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store > > Login Succeeded > [root@localhost Docker]# > ``` > > ```sql > > [root@localhost Docker]# docker push jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 > The push refers to repository [docker.io/jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd] > 5f70bf18a086: Pushed > 9d71ef5fb785: Pushed > 5de793c738a4: Pushed > c4bc4a1387e8: Mounted from library/rockylinux > v1: digest: sha256:96cf71b21c9fe222eeac8ecdbc946f18f427c4c413ff9904843adbcbf9f4ea70 size: 1159 > ``` > > Let's Check the DockerHub account and check whether image pushed successfully or not. Go to this link: [https://hub.docker.com/u/jangidrakesh71](https://hub.docker.com/u/jangidrakesh71) > > ![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1701416079794/a4dcf619-8c82-4a24-b03e-85c2126b4296.png align="center") > > --- > > ### Step-4 (Pull a custom image and run a container ) > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker pull jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 > v1: Pulling from jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd > 489e1be6ce56: Already exists > 2dd56c91439e: Already exists > 7d91ded6796d: Already exists > 4f4fb700ef54: Already exists > Digest: sha256:96cf71b21c9fe222eeac8ecdbc946f18f427c4c413ff9904843adbcbf9f4ea70 > Status: Downloaded newer image for jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 > docker.io/jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 > ``` > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# docker run -itd --name=c1 -v c1:/var/www/html -p 80:80 jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 > 91bc91ee0e2020df903915d637b61e73c6f928d5b0d8bc2f51a33439537788c9 > [root@localhost Docker]# docker ps -a > CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES > 91bc91ee0e20 jangidrakesh71/rockyhttpd:v1 "/usr/sbin/httpd -D …" 4 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp c1 > ``` > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/c1/_data/ > [root@localhost _data]# ls > index.html > [root@localhost _data]# cat index.html > This is docker container c1 > ``` > > ```sql > [root@localhost _data]# docker inspect c1 > > [root@localhost _data]# curl 172.17.0.2 > This is docker container c1 > ``` > > Congratulation you have deployed your web application successfully. > > Lets download a static website template and paste there code contents on container "c1" volume location. That is actually mounted on containers /var/www/html internally. So lets download static website content from link : [https://www.free-css.com/assets/files/free-css-templates/download/page296/healet.zip](https://www.free-css.com/assets/files/free-css-templates/download/page296/healet.zip) > > Download website content using `wget` > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# pwd > /root/Docker > > [root@localhost Docker]# wget https://www.free-css.com/assets/files/free-css-templates/download/page296/healet.zip > --2023-12-01 13:48:50-- https://www.free-css.com/assets/files/free-css-templates/download/page296/healet.zip > Resolving www.free-css.com (www.free-css.com)... 217.160.0.242, 2001:8d8:100f:f000::28f > Connecting to www.free-css.com (www.free-css.com)|217.160.0.242|:443... connected. > HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK > Length: 2040237 (1.9M) [application/zip] > Saving to: ‘healet.zip’ > > healet.zip 100%[==================================================================================>] 1.95M 1.43MB/s in 1.4s > > 2023-12-01 13:48:52 (1.43 MB/s) - ‘healet.zip’ saved [2040237/2040237] > ``` > > Don't forgot to remove previous index.html content : > > ```plaintext > [root@localhost Docker]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker/volumes/c1/_data/index.html > ``` > > and now unzip website.zip content on location `/var/lib/docker/volumes/c1/_data/` > > ```sql > [root@localhost Docker]# unzip healet.zip > Archive: healet.zip > creating: healet-html/ > inflating: healet-html/about.html > inflating: healet-html/blog.html > creating: healet-html/css/ > inflating: healet-html/css/bootstrap.css > inflating: healet-html/css/font-awesome.min.css > inflating: healet-html/css/responsive.css > inflating: healet-html/css/style.css > inflating: healet-html/css/style.css.map > inflating: healet-html/css/style.scss > creating: healet-html/fonts/ > inflating: healet-html/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.ttf > inflating: healet-html/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff > inflating: healet-html/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff2 > inflating: healet-html/fonts/octin_sports_rg.ttf > creating: healet-html/images/ > inflating: healet-html/images/about-img.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/b1.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/b2.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/client.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/favicon.png > inflating: healet-html/images/o1.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/o2.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/o3.jpg > inflating: healet-html/images/p1.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p2.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p3.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p4.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p5.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p6.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p7.png > inflating: healet-html/images/p8.png > inflating: healet-html/images/slider-bg.jpg > inflating: healet-html/index.html > creating: healet-html/js/ > inflating: healet-html/js/bootstrap.js > inflating: healet-html/js/custom.js > inflating: healet-html/js/jquery-3.4.1.min.js > inflating: healet-html/shop.html > ``` > > and move all content on `/var/lib/docker/volumes/c1/_data/` > > ```plaintext > [root@localhost Docker]# mv ./healet-html/* /var/lib/docker/volumes/c1/_data/ > ``` > > And now do entry n /etc/hosts file and then open browse the website content with your FQDN. > > ```plaintext > [root@localhost Docker]# vi /etc/hosts > 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 > ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 > > 192.168.199.133 rakamodify.com > > :wq! > ``` > > ![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1701420239782/f4b68d5b-e837-43d7-b35a-c7752e5b619e.png align="center") > > --- > > ### References: > > * Web-site content : [https://www.free-css.com/free-css-templates/page296/healet](https://www.free-css.com/free-css-templates/page296/healet) > > * How to install docker engine on centos: [https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/) > > * How to push image on docker registry server: [https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/repos/create/](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/repos/create/) >